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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: chp23, An error reporting mechanism(ICMP) ???? Internet Control Message Protocol- is used when it sends an error message, and ICMP uses IP to transport messages., trace a route traceroute two possibilities in widespread use, Just because IP is defined as a best-effort communication, doesn't mean it is careless. further IP attempts to avoid errors and to report problems when they occur., An error reporting mechanism(ICMP) can be used Path MTU discovery, test reachability ping Ping uses the ICMP echo request and echo reply messages., be used Path MTU discovery how? the error message consists of an ICMP message that reports fragmentation was required but not permitted, and the technique for requesting it is a bit in the FLAGS field of the IP header that specifies the datagram should not be fragmented., An error reporting mechanism(ICMP) can test reachability, be used Path MTU discovery Path MTU the smallest MTU along a path from a source to a destination., An error reporting mechanism(ICMP) ???? Just because IP is defined as a best-effort communication, doesn't mean it is careless., trace a route traceroute simply sends a series of datagrams and waits for a response to each., Internet Control Message Protocol- is used when it sends an error message, and ICMP uses IP to transport messages. sending messages when a router has an ICMP message to send, it creates an IP datagram and encapsulates the ICMP message in the datagram., two possibilities in widespread use ???? Send a datagram to a nonexistent application; the destination host will generate an ICMP destination inreachable message., An error reporting mechanism(ICMP) can trace a route, two possibilities in widespread use ???? Send an ICMP echo request message; the destination host will generate an ICMP echo reply.