3 Users of the Product

3a. The users of the product

Content

A list of the potential users of the product. For each category of user, provide the following information:

User name ­ This is most likely to be the name of a user group like: schoolchildren, road engineers, project managers.

User role ­ Summarizes the users' responsibilities.

Subject matter experience ­ Summarizes the users' knowledge of the business. Rate as novice, journeyman or master.

Technological experience ­ this describes the users' experience with relevant technology. Rate as novice, journeyman or master.

Other user characteristics ­ Describe any characteristics of the users that have an effect on the requirements and eventual design of the product. Describe things like:

Physical abilities/disabilities

Intellectual abilities/disabilities

Attitude to job

Attitude to technology

Education

Linguistic skills

Age group

Gender

Motivation

Users are human beings who interface with the product in some way. The role of the client is to pay for the development of the product and the role of the customer is to buy the product. The role of the user is to use the product to do work. You use the characteristics of the users to define the usability requirements for the product.

Examples

Users can come from wide, and sometimes unexpected, sources. Consider the possibility of your users being clerical staff, shop workers, managers, highly-trained operators, general public, casual users, passers-by, illiterate people, tradesmen, students, test engineers, foreigners, children, lawyers, remote users, people using the system over the telephone or Internet connection, emergency workers, and so on.

3b. The priorities assigned to users

Content

Attach to each category of user a priority rating. This gives the importance and precedence of the user. Prioritize the users into:

Key users. These are critical to the continued success of the product. Give greater importance to requirements generated by this category of user.

Secondary users. They will use the product, but their opinion of it has no effect on its long-term success. Where there is a conflict between secondary users' requirements and those of key users the key users take precedence.

Unimportant users. This category of user is given the lowest priority. It includes infrequent, unauthorized and unskilled users, and people who misuse the product.

Percentage of this type of user ­ this is intended to assess the amount of consideration given to this category of user.

Motivation

If some users are considered to be more important to the product, or the organization, then this should be stated because it should affect the way that you design the product. For instance, you need to know if there is a large customer who has specifically asked for the product, and if they do not get what they want then the results could be a significant loss of business.

Some users may be listed as having no impact on the product. This means that the users will make use of the product, but have no vested interest in it. In other words, these users will not complain, nor will they contribute. Any special requirements from these users will have a lower design priority.

3c. User participation

Content

Where appropriate attach to the category of user, a statement of the participation that you think will be necessary to provide the requirements. Describe the contribution that you expect this user to provide ­ business knowledge, interface prototyping, usability requirements etc. If possible, assess the minimum amount of time that this user must spend for you to be able to determine the complete requirements.

Motivation

Many projects fail through lack of user participation, sometimes this is because the required degree of participation was not made clear. When people have to make a choice between getting their everyday work done and working on a new project, the everyday work takes priority. This requirement makes it clear, from the outset, that specified user resources must be allocated to the project.