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Chapter 6 Process2, A file stored offline can be loaded into active memory. A maaped file is accessed as an array of bytes in meory. Such a file can reduce access overhead dramatically, as it is orders of magnitude faster to access memory than disk files. Shared Memory Regions Sometimes it is desirable to share memory between processes, or between a process and the kernel. Reasons for sharing memory include: Libraries that might be large and would was memory if each process loaded a copy. Kernel calls that access system calls and exceptions. Data sharing and communication between processes on shared taskes., Process Location Policy Determines which node should host the new process. Location policies may be static or adaptive. Static policies ignore the current state of the system and are designed based on the expected long-term characteristics of the system, Process Transfer Policy Decides whether to situate the process locally or remotely, Process Stack Generally there is a separate stack for each thread. Whenever a thread or process is interrupted, status information is stored on the stack that will permit the process or thread to continue from the point a which it was interruped. Usually, memory allocated to the stack is recovered when the process or thread retrieves the information and resumes, as interrupts occur and sume in a last-in, first out (LIFO) manner., Process File Regions A file stored offline can be loaded into active memory. A maaped file is accessed as an array of bytes in meory. Such a file can reduce access overhead dramatically, as it is orders of magnitude faster to access memory than disk files.