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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: three_types_of_additions, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mtext> Addition of </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> H </mtext> <mtext> 2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> O (Hydration) </mtext> </mrow> </math> obtainable by Indirect hydration: Oxydative Hydroboration, Electrophylic Additions include Addition of HBr, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mtext> Addition of </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> H </mtext> <mtext> 2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> O (Hydration) </mtext> </mrow> </math> obtainable by Direct Hydration by acid catalysis, Direct Hydration by acid catalysis can occur upon Ethyne, Direct Hydration by acid catalysis can occur upon Alkynes, the most branched (and most stable) positive carbonium ion followed by 2° attack by nucleophylic part of reactant on the positive carbon, Alkenes generating more substituted alcohols (secondary or tertiary), primary enol CH2=CH-OH (vinyl alcohol) tautomerize to acetaldehyde (ethanal), Direct Hydration by acid catalysis can occur upon Alkenes, Catalytic Hydrogenation requires a single step: two hydrogen atoms released by the catalyst to a π bond are bound in cis to each carbon, Electrophylic Additions occur in two steps 1st electrophylic attack to the less substituted carbon in the double bond, Electrophylic Additions include <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mtext> Addition of </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> H </mtext> <mtext> 2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> O (Hydration) </mtext> </mrow> </math>, Radicalic Additions e.g. of <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mtext> B </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> r </mtext> <mtext> 2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </math>, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> 1 </mtext> <none/> <mtext> st </mtext> </mmultiscripts> <mtext> attack of X· (X· = halogen atom) upon the less substituted C </mtext> </mrow> </math> generates Less substituted C· radical, secondary enol tautomerize to a keton, Ethyne yielding primary enol CH2=CH-OH (vinyl alcohol), Electrophylic Additions include <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mrow> <mtext> Addition of B </mtext> <mmultiscripts> <mtext> r </mtext> <mtext> 2 </mtext> <none/> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </math>, Less substituted C· radical followed by 2nd attack of 2nd radical (e.g. H·, or Br·) on the radicalic carbon, Indirect hydration: Oxydative Hydroboration transforms Alkenes in less substituted alcohols (primary or secondary), Addition Reactions to aliphatic unsaturated Hydrocarbons can be of three types Electrophylic Additions