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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Raquel Farrell, Segilman Learned Helplessness Tendancy to fail to act to escape from a situation because of a past history of repeated failures., Learning: Any relativley permanent change in behavior brought by experience or practice. IMPORTANT PEOPLE IN LEARNING Segilman, 2) Memory 3) Imitation 4) Motivation, Partial Reinforcement: made by reinforcing after some, but not all correct responses to be resistant to extinction. Schedule of Reinforcement Variable Ratio: # of responses change from one trial to the next., MUST HAPPEN IN ORDER FOR CC TO OCCUR Neutral Stimulus No effect on the desired response., 4 Elements 1) Attention 2) Memory, Partial Reinforcement: made by reinforcing after some, but not all correct responses to be resistant to extinction. Schedule of Reinforcement Fixed Ratio: # of responses required to recieve each reinforcer will always be the same #., Pavlov (saliva study on dogs) Classical Conditioning MUST HAPPEN IN ORDER FOR CC TO OCCUR, Primary Reinforcer reinforced by meeting a basic biological need. (hunger, thirst, touch.) Reinforcement Partial Reinforcement: made by reinforcing after some, but not all correct responses to be resistant to extinction., Primary Reinforcer reinforced by meeting a basic biological need. (hunger, thirst, touch.) Reinforcement Continuous Reinforcement: reinforcement after every correct response., Tolman Latent Learning Remains hidden until its application becomes useful., Naturally occuring stimulus that leads to an involuntary (reflex) response. Conditioned Stimulus Becomes able to produce a learned relflex response by being paired w/original UCS., Learning: Any relativley permanent change in behavior brought by experience or practice. Operant Conditioning Learning voluntary behavior through the effects of pleasant and unpleasant consequences to responses., Involuntary response to a naturally occuring or unconditioned stimulus. Conditioned Response Learned reflex response to a CS., Partial Reinforcement: made by reinforcing after some, but not all correct responses to be resistant to extinction. Schedule of Reinforcement Fixed Interval: time interval that must pass before reinforcement becomes possible is always the same., Thorndike studied learning of voluntary response Law of Effect Action + Good consequence = Repeat Action + Bad consequence = No repeat, Partial Reinforcement: made by reinforcing after some, but not all correct responses to be resistant to extinction. Schedule of Reinforcement Variable Interval: time interval that must pass before reinforcement occurs in different for each trial., Bandura Observational Learning 4 Elements, Kohler Insight Sudden perception of relationships among various parts of a problem, allowing the solution to the problem to come quickly., Pavlov (saliva study on dogs) Stimulus "Generalization" a response to stimulus that is only similar to the original CS.