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This Concept Map, created with IHMC CmapTools, has information related to: Mary Sheridan Final, angiotensin II will stimulate vasoconstriction, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) (in the lungs) which is inhibited by Ms. Sheridan's Captopril (ACE inhibitor) that acts to inhibit predominantly efferent arteriole vasoconstriction (with some action on afferent arteriole), Mary Sheridan presents with headache and fatigue, reduced fractional excretion of sodium contributes to hypertension, CBC indicating elevated hemoglobin and hematocrit due to stimulated erythropoietin release most likely due to reduced renal perfusion, thiazide diuretics, which were acting to reduce plasma volume may be somewhat insufficient in solving her current issue due to overabundant renin production from pathophysiology of renal artery stenosis, renal disease is still in an acute stage and thus this is acute kidney injury, vasoconstriction contributes to hypertension, decreased renal blood flow and subsequently reduced amount of blood entering afferent arteriole, which will lead to depressed GFR leading to CMP shows elevated BUN and elevated creatinine in the plasma (due to reduction in filtration/GFR), thirst stimulates fluid intake leading to volume expansion, principal cells within the collecting tubules, which will lead to increased sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion leading to volume expansion, Mary Sheridan has laboratory results of CMP shows elevated BUN and elevated creatinine in the plasma (due to reduction in filtration/GFR), stimulated erythropoietin release most likely due to reduced renal perfusion and acute kidney injury, Mary Sheridan has family history of diabetes, hypertension, Mary Sheridan has laboratory results of relatively normal lipid profile, angiotensin II will stimulate aldosterone release from adrenal cortex, renin release from juxtaglomerular cells which serves as enzyme to cleave angiotensinogen into angiotensin I, aldosterone release from adrenal cortex stimulates principal cells within the collecting tubules, which will lead to increased sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion, Mary Sheridan social history includes smoking (previous smoker), hypertension causing shear stress, which leads to inflammation and subsequently oxidative damage of endothelium which can contribute to problem of renal artery stenosis